Smoking in Public Banned or Allowed - 885 Words

and The question is why the freedom to smoke in a designated area in public places a problem. If you are outside are in close area people are still exposed to the fumes of second hand smoke. Can the option of smoking be left up to the public rather or not an individual should smoke in public. Where does the line end in the rights of a person the right to inhale clean air, the right to excise your right to smoke in public? Non-Smokers have the right to smoke free clean air environment, and smokers have a personal right to smoke in designated smoking areas. In this research paper I will talk about the controversy issue of second-hand smoke in public places and the privilege to smoke in public. A little information about how cigarettes†¦show more content†¦The author in the article Good Anthropological Reasons for Unsettling the Public Health Grip stated that the banning of smoking in public place has decline immensely (Dennis, 2013). Smoking is a personal choice but the non smoker has a choice to rather to inhale second hand smoke. The smokers who choose to bring harm to themselves have the right to damage their health if they choose. The alternatives non smokers have are to not be in presence of smokers. Where public places advertise no smoking, and still supple designated areas for smokers they should still take in account that the smoke still ventilates the surrounding areas. My advice is not to engage where there is no smoking, and smoking areas. The fumes from the non smoking area cannot be contained completely. If you don’t want to stop passive don’t attend these public places. The article on line indicated if there was enough non-smokers going to these public facilities there would be no need to post no smoking () . When the medical associate researches the health ethnics of smoking they should have research tobacco is legal substance, people have a choice. The banning of smoking in public place only forces the people to smoke in the privacy of their homes even more. This will affect most eating and drinking establishments financially. The government will stand by these laws for banning smoking but do they stand by the taxes that are made for the selling ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Why I Support Banning Smoking in Public Places567 Words   |  3 Pagescigarettes in any of their offices. Most governments have banned smoking in all public places. Based on personal experience, personality style and emotional concern, we find that some hold the notion that smoking in public places should be banned. Meanwhile, others want to be as free as possible and do as they please, as long as their actions do not violate the rights of others. From my point of view, it is more sensible to ban smoking in public places rather than allow second-hand smoke to continueRead MoreShould Smoking Be Banned?1326 Words   |  6 Pagesbreak. Even though people are well equipped with the knowledge of how unhealthy smoking can be and what can it causes to their hearts and lungs, they still choose to smoke. Nowadays smoking becomes a trend like a social media, and especially teenagers, are participating in this as well. Although smoking makes you a person feel relaxed from the stress, it harms the body of the smokers in the long run. We have known that smoking can kill us from past 50-60 years, and according to the World Health OrganizationRead MoreThe Negative Consequences Of Public Smoking1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Negative Consequences of Public Smoking Smoking is known to be one of the most dangerous medicine and can come with some seriously negative to one’s lungs. Research studies have shown that second- hand smoking can be equally as bad. According to the 1964 Surgeon General’s Report, â€Å"2.5 million adults who were nonsmokers died because they breathed secondhand smoke† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). To those who own restaurants, oversee public places, and others in charge of entertainmentRead MoreShould Cigarette Smoking Be Banned?1137 Words   |  5 PagesBiology 101 Should Cigarette Smoking Be Banned? Should there be a ban on cigarette smoking in the United States? Since cigarettes were introduced to Americans, questions have been raised concerning the legality of smoking and if it should be allowed everyone, in public places, or not at all. Recently, with the increase knowledge in cost and healthcare, the controversy with cigarette smoking has significantly risen. Across the country, states have banned smoking in public areas and inside buildingsRead MoreThe Debate Over Banning Smoking in Public Places Essay607 Words   |  3 PagesThe Debate Over Banning Smoking in Public Places In my opinion I think smoking should banned from public places. My reasons for this are; People who smoke should be considerate of that fact that not only are they damaging their own existing health but also they are harming the others around them who are only breathing in the tobacco smoke. During the past ten years of tests, experiments etc. on the effect of smoking both directly and passive, there is now enoughRead MoreBans on Smoking in Public Areas1476 Words   |  6 Pagesyou get the number of people that die because of smoking each year! Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. Each year more than 480,000 people die because of smoking. This is just one of the many reasons why I believe that cigarette smoking should be banned in public areas. I will argue this point in three ways. First, I will argue that the health effects of smoking are so harmful that cigarettes should not be allowed in public areas. Next, I will argue that the negative effectsRead MoreThe Production of Cigarettes Should Be Banned Across the U.S1132 Words   |  5 PagesOne thing I hate is when someone is walking in front of me smoking a cigarette and next thing you know, BOOM the cigarette smoke comes right to my face! If you are that smoker it created many health problems and chances are you have to take many medications every morning b efore your day begins, does it become annoying? Smoking is an activity that has been around for many years, it helps reduce the stresses of life and put people in a comfortable position that enables them to cope with the hecticRead MoreWhy Smoking Should Be Banned884 Words   |  4 PagesParagraph A. Every wonder why people smoke? Is smoking really healthy for them? How much does it cost an individual to smoke? What are the costs to society when people smoke? These are all questions that can easily be taken care of by banning cigarette smoking. It is really a disgusting sight to see a woman with a cigarette hanging out of her mouth. It is equally bad to see children with smoking cigarettes. B. Cigarette smoking should be banned, not only in restaurants but everywhere. When someoneRead MoreBanning Tobacco Advertising Ban On The Public Health Of Their People976 Words   |  4 PagesTobacco companies from displaying any source of advertising or sponsoring any public events. The advertising ban took effect from May 1, 2004. In October 2, 2005, the Government of India prohibited any new programs or movies from showing any actors or actresses smoking as it glorifies smoking and sends a bad message to its viewers. According to a CNN article written by Leo Juarez, some actors seem to support the smoking censorship but some film directors seem concerned that the ban might lead to otherRead More America Needs a Complete Smoking Ban Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pagesunwillingly exposed to parental secondhand smoke in public, in cars, and at home. When children are exposed to secondhand smoke, many develop life threatening diseases later in life as a result of that exposure. In the United States, smoking should be banned while in the presence of children. Children’s lungs are vulnerable to the effects of secondhand smoke, and this can cause serious problems down the road. Some states have already banned smoking in public and others are in the process. Secondhand smoke

Ftm 460 Exam3 Study Guide Free Essays

FTM 460 Exam 3 Review (Chapters 10-13) 33 Multiple Choice Questions (3 points each). The majority of test questions come from Chapter 10 Chapter 13. The least from Chapter 11. We will write a custom essay sample on Ftm 460 Exam3 Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chapter 10: The concept of measurement * Be able to recognize the 4 types of measurement scales: CHART 10. 4 in chapter ten slide six * Nominal: Scales that partition data into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories. Ordinal: Scales that maintain the labeling characteristics of nominal scales and have the ability to order data * Interval: Scales that have the characteristics of ordinal scales, plus equal intervals between points to show relative amounts; they may include an arbitrary zero point. * Ratio: Scales that have characteristics of interval scales, plus a meaningful zero point so that magnitudes can be compared arithmetically. * Define: Scale reliability: Degree to which measures are free from random error and, therefore, provide consistent data. The extent to which the survey responses are internally consistent. Cronbach’s alpha: Test-retest reliability: The ability of the same instrument to produce consistent results when used a second time under conditions as similar as possible to the original conditions. * Be familiar with the steps in the measurement development process (McDaniel’s diagram) Slide 3 CH 10. * Know the difference between a constitutive and operational definition of a given construct. Slide 4) * Constitutive: ambiguity is a direct function of the discrepancy between the information available to the person and that which is required for adequate performance of a role. It is the difference between a person’s actual state of knowledge and the knowledge that provides adequate satisfaction of that person’s personal needs and values. * Operational: Role ambiguity is the amount of uncertainty (ranging from very uncertain to very certain on a five-point scale) an individual feels regardi ng job role responsibilities and expectations from other employees and customers. Be able to distinguish between convergent vs. discriminant validity. * Convergent: The degree of correlation among different measures that purport to measure the same construct. * Discriminate: The measure of the lack of association among constructs that are supposed to be different. Chapter 11: Using measurement scales to build marketing effectiveness * Define: Semantic differential scale (10) , Likert scale–be able to recognize examples of each (12) Agree, Somewhat Agree, Somewhat disagree, Disagree. Chapter 12: Questionnaire design * Know the differences between the following types of question formats: * open-ended: Questions to which the respondent replies in his or her own words. * Probed vs Un-probed * closed-ended: Questions requiring respondents to choose from a list of answers * Dichotomous: Choice between two answers * Multiple Choice * Scaled Responses * What are the reasons for using screening: to identify qualifies respondents and probing questions? When do we use branching? * Understand sequencing rules for laying out questions in a survey (i. e. , general questions first). Slide 16 * Screeners, Warm-up (Easy to answer questions show the respondent that the survey is simple), Transitions (Questions related to research objectives require slightly more effort), Difficult Complicated (The respondents has committed to completing the questionnaire), Classifying and demographic. Chapter 13: Basic sampling issues * Know the difference between a Probability: Everyone in the population has a known, nonzero, likelihood of selection (Simple random, Systematic, Stratified, Cluster) * Non-probability: Samples in which specific elements from the population have been selected in a nonrandom manner. (Convenience, Snowball, Judgment, Quota) * Know the difference between a sample and a population. (Population is the entire group of people about whom information needed; also called the universe or population of interest. ) * Define: simple random sample: A sample selected by assigning a number to every element of the population and then using some method for randomly selecting elements to be in the sample such as random digit dialing * systematic random sample: A sample in which the entire population is numbered and elements are selected using a skip interval (every Nth name is selected * stratified random sample: A sample that is forced to be more representative through simple random sampling of mutually exclusive and exhaustive subsets either proportionally or disproportionally. Good for data that are not normally distributed. * Convenience sample: A sample based on using people who are easily accessible – such as mall intercepts or other high traffic locations. * Sampling error: Error that occurs because the sample selected is not perfectly representative of the population. * Be familiar with the McDaniel’s stages of a sampling plan * Define the target Population- Determine the characteristics of those you are interested in studying. Determine which group of people or entities about which you want to learn more. * Choose the Data Collection Method- Determine how you collect the sample – such as mail, Internet, telephone, mall intercept, ect. * Select the Sample Frame- A list of population elements from which units to be sampled can be selected. * Obtain the Sample- Determine how you will get the sample list through probability or non-probability methods. * Determine Sample Size * Select Sample Units * Conduct Fieldwork How to cite Ftm 460 Exam3 Study Guide, Essay examples

Marketing Fundamentals Marketing Macro Models

Question: Describe about the Marketing Fundamentals for Marketing Macro Models. Answer: Introduction This report has been highlighted the concept of marketing fundamentals. In this context, Australian gym wear manufacturing company has been considered. This study has discussed the marketing macro models as well as the opportunities and the threats of the mentioned companies have been described. In order to identify the involvement level, it is necessary to understand the consumer audit's performance. Hence, this study has analysed the consumer decision making procedure. In addition, to understand the study, the positioning map is playing an important role. Therefore, in this report, the performance of Australian gym wear manufacturing company such as Reebok has been taken. On the other hand, in order to understand the performance of this company, the performance of other two gym wear manufacturing companies such as Pacific brands and Rip curl has been mentioned. Situation analysis Industry (Company) Reebok international Ltd. is familiar for the athletic and gym wear manufacturing company. In the year of 2005, Reebok has planned to opening up of new manufacturing organisation in Australia. With the increasing of time, the business of this company has been growing. By the year of 2010-2011, this company has been selling approximately 125000 gym wear jerseys. Reebok has been generating as the supplementary of Adidas (Baines, Fill and Page 2013). Size From the income statement of this mentioned company, it can be observed that total sales has been increasing over the time. Revenue of this company has also been increased whereas net income has been decreased from the year of 2013 to 2015. In addition, the amount of total current assets obtained by the company has been decreasing with the rise of time. The amount of current asset was 59.12 while the amount was 56.19 at the end of 2015 (Brunswick, 2014). Growth In order to discuss the growth of Reebok, it can be observed that the percentage of revenue has been significantly increased from 8.74% in 2013 to 9.81% in 2015. On the contrary, the percentage of net operating income has been decreased from 9.39% to 4.12% from 2013 to 2015 (Newton et al. 2013). In this essence, the percentage of net income obtained by this definite company has also been decreased from 11.23% to 4.97%. Industry trends According to Cannon and Yaprak (2014), it can be observed that the demand for the gym wear equipments has been increasing in Australia day by day. In this purpose, it can be stated that most of the people are conscious about their health and want to go to gym. Therefore, the purchase of gym apparel has been rising. Hence, it can conclude that the trend of this industry has been developing over time (Chan, Kwong and Hu 2012). Competition Major competitors Two competitors of Reebok in Australia are such as Pacific brands and Rip Curl. Pacific brands was originated in Melbourne, Australia. It specialised in the production of Athletic boots for Men (Chan, Kwong and Hu 2012). The materials they used is rubber for the manufacturing of rubber boots. On the other hand, Rip curl is also known as the Australian sports shoes manufacturer organisation. These shoes are also used as the gym accessories. Pacific brands: Strengths Weakness Environment soothing items Greater amount of burden of debt Aimed to the equipments differentiation Poor cost structure Brand name Work incompetence Manufacture different products Poor revenue Rip curl: Strengths Weakness Consider the monetary assistance Unable to estimate the future debt Appreciable profitability as well as revenue Poor tax structure Barriers to the enter in the market Lower rate of productivity Labour cost reduction Small business activity Market shares Figure 1: Market share of Reebok in Australian market (Source: Chen and Bell 2012) From the above figure it can be seen that the market share of Reebok within the industry is highest compared to the other manufacturing companies. Strategic models Pacific brands: Ansoff matrix Market penetration Rubber made of athletic shoes for males Product development Planned to manufacture other gym apparels Market development Planned to open a new branch in China Diversification This specific company focused to move to China with the production of new items (Chon 2013). BCG matrix Cash cows Focus to enhance the inflow of money Stars Aimed to maintain the at least one star in their business Question marks Transfer the predicted star to the profitability statement of the company Dogs Aimed to the production of new items and value the products (Chon 2013). Rip Curl: Ansoff matrix Market penetration Specialisation sports shoes manufacturing Product development Other gym wears Market development Planned to open in New Zealand Diversification Opening of new store in New Zealand with the production of other gym apparels (Chen and Bell 2012). BCG matrix Cash cows Focused to maintain the overall sales volume or the market share Stars Always tried to develop or raise the share of the market Question marks Adopt of new strategies Dogs Manufacture new products (Cross, Belich, and Rudelius 2015) Customer Buyers choice depend upon the individual taste and preferences. In addition, Newton et al. (2013) added that the consumer decision making procedure is necessary to estimate in this scenario. Decision making process High involvement Low involvement Track pant, Shorts for the men etc Explore more different types of Gym shoes The above table depicted that the customers of Reebok are willing to get track pants and shorts. Customer audit In the words of Dowell et al. (2012), customer audit is based upon the review of the consumers. In addition, it can be already observed that Reebok has the specialisation in the production of gym track pant and shorts for male. This company always tried to maintain the quality in their manufactured products. As a result, it can be stated among the total market share in Australia, Reebok obtained the higher market share. Explanation of the audit As it can be observed that the income statement and the operating net income has been decreasing from the past years in the current years. Hong (2012) mentioned that as this company has acquired a greater in the industry, therefore, it can be predicted that there is a possibility of Reebok to overcome this situation. As a result, the company can earn higher profitability in the next years. Climate Political As per the statement of Jones (2012), it can be seen that government of Australia imposes tax and intervene in the business procedure of the manufacturing company. This will hamper the decision making process of the companies. In this occasion, it can suggest that sometimes it is not necessary to allow for export of the produced equipments. It will effectively decrease the total sales of the company. Economic The economic equipments can influence the production of the gym wears as well as the purchasing power of the company. Ko et al. (2012) stated that increase in the purchasing power will effectively raise the spending. Social Based on the taste, preferences and choices of the several customers, it can be mentioned that sales of the manufactured products can be fluctuated. As per the requirement of the consumers such as for the track pants or shorts, production of the company will depend. Technological According to Malhotra (2012), the adaption of technology has a positive impact on the rise of the production as well as the total sales of the gym wear production. In turn, this will enhance the price of the items. Nevertheless, the quality of the product will significantly increase (Cannon and Yaprak 2014). Demographic As per the demographic demand, Reebok aimed to manufacture differentiated products. This will reflect to produce several types of gym wears based on the preference level of the customers (Morritt and Weinstein 2012). Natural In this purpose, it can be stated that different harmful gases, which emit due to the production procedure, may hamper the health condition of the workers. This in turn decreases the overall production of the company. Opportunities and threats Opportunities Threats According to Muhamad, Melewar and Faridah Syed Alwi (2012), the opportunities of Reebok can be discussed that this company acquired a larger share in the market of Australia compared to the other company. Okazaki (2012) criticised that the financial statement and the profitability statement has been decreased with the increase of time. Therefore, the growth rate of this company has been decreased as well. Collaborators Intermediaries In this context, it can be mentioned that in case of the manufacturing process of gym wears, the organisation has different intermediaries and raw materials (Palmer 2012). After the production, Reebok requires to pass through different steps, where the raw materials have perform the necessary steps. This will helpful to transfer the manufactured products to the target consumers. Suppliers The suppliers of the company are assumed as the raw materials providers, distributors etc. Sanchez-Hernandez et al. (2013) opined that they are the wholesalers or the retailers of the organisation. In order to complete the overall steps of the manufacturing or the production, these suppliers used to play an important role. Segmentation Figure 2: Market segmentation (Source: Sharma and Lambert 2013) From the above figure it can be observed there are different process, which is beneficial to divide the greater size of industry into the comparatively smaller segments. Each of the following process is necessary to yield different data for the sake of the target market. Demographic This stage is constructed based on the equipments such as occupation, age, gender, standard of living and the income level. Therefore, Palmer (2012) cited that demographic segmentation is important to identify the demand of the different age groups. In addition, it also can assumed that higher the income level of the buyers, larger will the price of the manufactured items. Geographic This type of segmentation is depend upon the taste and preferences of the different geographical region. This is helpful to determine the requirements of the consumers and the business will successful (Okazaki 2012). Psychographic as per this type of market segmentation, the business is aimed to the lifestyle of the customers. Hence, the willingness of the consumers can be evaluated. Behaviour Morritt and Weinstein (2012) mentioned that according to behavioural segmentation, the knowledge, loyalty of the consumers are important to determine the frequency of the usage of the products. Target markets Depending upon the above four discussed segmentation, the geographic and the demographic segmentation are concluded in this report. Therefore, it is relatively easier to consider the regional and the cultural disparities around Australia. Primary/ secondary target markets In the points of Jones (2012), in order to identify the business performance of Reebok international ltd in Australia, it is necessary to recognise the primary as well as secondary target market. With the help of this, the company identified that there is a higher requirement for the products of Gym tracks and shorts. After the secondary segmentation, it can be seen that with the rise in time, the requirement for the gym apparels have been increased as most of the people are now concerned about their body fitness. Strategic chosen for different segments As per the statement of Hong (2012), market segmentation is beneficial to estimate the disparities and the similarities among the consumers of several regions. This will lead to the company to understand the choices of the buyers. The demographic segmentation can estimate the benefits of the availing of the manufactured items. In this respect, the business to business technique can be adapted. On the other hand, the psychographic segmentation can measure the interest of the consumers for the products. Again, behavioural segment can differentiated the consumers between some groups based on the knowledge or the usage rate. According to Dowell et al. (2012), market segmentation is beneficial to estimate the advantage of the gym wears production. In this connection, it can be said that with the rise of focus on Reebok, the return from the business will be greater. As a result, the competition will also increase. The brand loyalty, market share will effectively increase. Positioning map Figure 3: Positioning map (Source: Jones 2012) The above figure such as the positioning map has been framed based on the business performance of Reebok. Moreover, it is beneficial to identify the competitive advantage of the mentioned company. The above figure shows that Reebok aimed to the several income group consumers and their standard of living. This concludes that Reebok is highly interested to the capacity of the consumers. In this respect, Hong (2012) opined that most of the gym wears manufacturing companies set out their prices in order to achieve higher profitability and can survive within the industry. Hence, Reebok target to fixed affordable prices of the products. Instead of this, Reebok also maintain good quality of products in their items. This will reflect to maintain a long term relationship with their customers. Therefore, the business will be significant. Conclusion The overall report is beneficial to develop the market situation of gym wears manufacturing in Australia. This study has been developed the company size, company growth and financial position of the mentioned company. In this occasion, after the observation, it can be seen that the revenue earned by the company is appreciable whereas the net operating income and the net income has been decreased over time. However, it can be predicted that there is a potential to improve their income statement. On the other hand, with the comparison of other manufacturing companies, the financial statement of Reebok is higher and the market share of this company is at good position among the industry. In addition, this study is beneficial to estimate the market segment. In this purpose, this study has mentioned several steps of this market segmentation. It can be observed that the steps are such as demographical, behavioural, geographical and psychographic segments. In this relation, this study has developed the definite marketing strategy, which has been followed by Reebok international Ltd. Recommendations After the overall analysis, Reebok is at better position compared to the other companies within Australia. As it can be seen that the profitability statement of this company has been falling over time, therefore, the company can follow some different business strategy. This will be helpful to maintain the number one position in the market and grow within the industry significantly. In this respect, the company can appoint some business expertise, who can guide to the organisation to improve. In addition, the manager can develop a waste management framework. On the other hand, to increase the business, it is necessary to invest a higher amount in the business by Reebok ltd. As the workers are a part of this business, therefore, it is required to provide higher salary that they would not like to switch to the other companies. Lastly, it is necessary to perform to the management effectively that they can supervise their worker's performance optimally. As a result, the business will be successful within the similar industry. References Baines, P., Fill, C. and Page, K., 2013. Essentials of marketing. Oxford University Press. Brunswick, G.J., 2014. A chronology of the definition of marketing. Journal of Business Economics Research (Online), 12(2), p.105. Cannon, H.M. and Yaprak, A., 2014. Cosmopolitan-based cross national segmentation in global marketing simulations. Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning, 28. Chan, K.Y., Kwong, C.K. and Hu, B.Q., 2012. Market segmentation and ideal point identification for new product design using fuzzy data compression and fuzzy clustering methods. Applied Soft Computing, 12(4), pp.1371-1378. Chen, J. and Bell, P.C., 2012. Implementing market segmentation using full-refund and no-refund customer returns policies in a dual-channel supply chain structure. International Journal of Production Economics, 136(1), pp.56-66. Chon, K.S., 2013. Geography and tourism marketing. Routledge. Cross, J.C., Belich, T.J. and Rudelius, W., 2015. How marketing managers use market segmentation: an exploratory study. In Proceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 531-536). Springer International Publishing. Newton, J., J. Newton, F., Turk, T. and T. Ewing, M., 2013. Ethical evaluation of audience segmentation in social marketing. European Journal of Marketing, 47(9), pp.1421-1438. Dowell, D.J., Dawson, C., Fuller-Love, N. and Hopkins, B., 2012. Entrepreneurial groups in Ireland and Wales: A preliminary typology of entrepreneurs using a marketing segmentation approach. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 14(2), pp.184-198. Hong, C.W., 2012. Using the Taguchi method for effective market segmentation. Expert Systems with Applications, 39(5), pp.5451-5459. Jones, M., 2012. Cim revision cards marketing fundamentals. Routledge. Ko, E., Taylor, C.R., Sung, H., Lee, J., Wagner, U., Navarro, D.M.C. and Wang, F., 2012. Malhotra, N.K., 2012. Basic marketing research: Integration of social media. Pearson. Morritt, R. and Weinstein, A., 2012. Segmentation strategies for hospitality managers: Target marketing for competitive advantage. Routledge. Muhamad, R., Melewar, T.C. and Faridah Syed Alwi, S., 2012. Segmentation and brand positioning for Islamic financial services. European Journal of Marketing, 46(7/8), pp.900-921. Okazaki, S., 2012. Fundamentals of mobile marketing: theories and practices. Peter Lang Publishing. Palmer, A., 2012. Introduction to marketing: theory and practice. Oxford University Press. Sanchez-Hernandez, G., Chiclana, F., Agell, N. and Aguado, J.C., 2013. Ranking and selection of unsupervised learning marketing segmentation. Knowledge-Based Systems, 44, pp.20-33. Sharma, A. and Lambert, D.M., 2013. Segmentation of markets based on customer service. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management.